Trend of mortality of congenital malformation in children aged

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the change in mortality of congenital malformation in children aged <5 years in Beijing from 2006 to 2015. Methods: Using the death surveillance data in children aged <5 years in Beijing from 2006 to 2015, which was collected from the real-time surveillance network, we calculated the area and age distributions of the mortality of congenital malformation in children aged <5 years in Beijing. Meanwhile, the variations of age, time and space in the causes of deaths were discussed. Results: The mortality rate of congenital malformation in the children s decreased from 1.909‰ in 2006 to 0.703‰ in 2015, the decrease rate was 63.17%. The decrease rate was highest in neonates (71.50%) (χ(2)=57.993, P<0.01). Expect urban area (χ(2)=3.384, P>0.05), the mortality rates of congenital malformation in the children showed a downward trend in outer suburban area and suburban area (χ(2) =40.637 and 50.646, P<0.01). The proportion of the children died of congenital malformation decreased from 32.97% in 2006 to 23.24% in 2015, which mainly occurred in infancy and neonatal period (χ(2)=9.395 and 4.354, P<0.05). The constituent ratios of the children died of neural tube defects, respiratory system abnormalities and other abnormalities decreased significantly (χ(2)=13.478, 7.358, 7.912 and 10.074, P<0.01). The constituent ratios of children died of chromosomal abnormality, multiple malformations and digestive tract abnormality didn' t decreased significantly (P>0.05). In the leading causes of deaths from congenital malformation, the mortality of congenital heart disease, neural tube defects and digestive tract atresia decreased obviously (χ(2)=70.868, 18.431 and 9.225, P<0.01), except biliary atresia (χ(2)= 1.407, P>0.05). There was an obvious area specific difference between the deaths of congenital heart disease and the deaths of neural tube defects, the mortality was higher in outer suburbs than in suburban and urban area (χ(2)=45.783 and 6.649, P<0.05). Conclusion: Although the mortality rate of children with congenital malformation in Beijing has declined year by year, it is still the main cause of deaths in children under 5 years old, and the prevention and control of related diseases should be strengthened.