Trend of antitubercular drug sensitivity test at a multispecialty hospital in Western India - A Retrospective Analysis

Abstract

Context: Tuberculosis (TB) infection is still a major public health burden in India. India accounts for about 25% of the global TB burden. Worldwide India is the country with highest burden of both TB and multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pattern of resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to first and second line antitubercular drugs among specimens from a multispecialty hospital in Western Maharashtra. Settings and Design: This record-based study was conducted from January 2018. Records of sputum from 2013 to 2017 were obtained from patients with suspected TB. Subjects and Methods: Drug-sensitivity testing was performed by the mycobacterial growth indicator tube method. Sensitivity to first line and second line antitubercular drugs was tested. Statistical Analysis Used: Trend analysis and charts using MS Excel. Results: Among 734 patients, 701 (95.5%) were male and 33 (4.5%) were female. The analysis of our study result showed that 21.7% of patients were monodrug resistant. Out of 734 isolates, 56 (7.62%) showed multi- and 39 (5.6%) out of the 734 samples showed extensive drug-resistant TB. Conclusions: Our study confirms that drug resistance, including MDR, observed against all first-line TB drugs was a real threat in the management of TB infection. The resistance pattern in this study could assist the clinicians in providing appropriate treatment regimen to TB patients and improve their clinical outcome.