Abstract

본 연구에서는 2007년부터 2016년까지 10년간의 통계청 사교육비조사 자료로부터 가계의 소득수 준에 따른 사교육비 지출격차의 정도와 이의 변화양상을 분석하여 우리나라 부모의 소득수준에 따른 교육기회 불평등 정도를 탐색하였다. 자료의 분석에는 학교급별·사교육 종류별로 최고소득구간과 최 저소득구간간의 지출규모 배수와 소득에 따른 사교육비 지출의 지니계수가 사용되었다. 연구의 결과는 최근 10년간의 가계소득 최고집단과 최저집단간 지출규모가 약 3~5배 정도로 나타 났으며, 학교급별 사교육 종류별 사교육비 지니계수는 모두 완만한 감소추세를 보이는 것으로 나타났 다. 그러나 소득계층간 사교육비 지출격차의 감소는 고소득층의 사교육비 감소가 아니라 중산층과 저 소득층의 사교육비 규모가 커져서 나타난 현상임이 확인되었으며, 교육기회 형평성의 측면에서의 교 육복지 확대방안이 논의되었다.The purpose of this study was to investigate the trends in the inequality of educational opportunity of South Korea using 2007–2016 data from Statistics Korea. The measure of inequality of educational opportunity was calculated by comparing the private tuition expenditure between the highest and the lowest income groups, and GINI index. The results show that the private tuition expenditure of highest income group is about 3 to 5 times of the expenditure of the lowest income group. The Gini indices of middle school, general high school, and specialized high school are decreasing during the period. It was further found out that the shrunken GINI indices were caused by the increased private tutoring expenditure in low and middle income group, rather than by the reduced expenditure in high income group. The governmental efforts to expand educational welfare toward the equality of educational opportunity were suggested.

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