Abstract
SettingSix selected districts in Northern India.ObjectivesTo find out the trend in Annual risk of tuberculous infection (ARTI) in north India.Study DesignTwo rounds of community level surveys were conducted during 2000–2001 and 2009–10 respectively. Representative samples of children 1–9 years of age were tuberculin tested and maximum transverse diameter of induration was recorded in mm at about 72 hours. ARTI was computed from the estimated Prevalence of infection using mirror-image technique and anti-mode method.ResultsARTI was found to decline from 1.9% (confidence interval: 1.7–2.1) at round I to 1.1% (confidence interval: 0.8–1.3) at round II at the rate of 8% per year during the intervening period.ConclusionA significant reduction in the risk of tuberculous infection among children was observed between two rounds of surveys carried out at an interval of about 9 years.
Highlights
A significant reduction in the risk of tuberculous infection among children was observed between two rounds of surveys carried out at an interval of about 9 years
The magnitude of Tuberculosis (TB) as a major health problem in India was revealed during a nationwide survey carried out during 1955–58 by the Indian Council of Medical research (ICMR) when the prevalence of bacteriologically positive pulmonary TB was found to be 400 per 100000 population [1]
The National TB program (NTP) implemented from the year 1962 failed to make any impact on the disease burden as revealed by serial surveys in defined geographical areas to find out the trends in prevalence of pulmonary TB (PTB) [2]
Summary
The magnitude of Tuberculosis (TB) as a major health problem in India was revealed during a nationwide survey carried out during 1955–58 by the Indian Council of Medical research (ICMR) when the prevalence of bacteriologically positive pulmonary TB was found to be 400 per 100000 population [1]. The National TB program (NTP) implemented from the year 1962 failed to make any impact on the disease burden as revealed by serial surveys in defined geographical areas to find out the trends in prevalence of PTB [2]. To find out the recent trends in epidemiological situation of TB, two rounds of tuberculin surveys were carried out in four defined geographical zones- north, south, east and west, with the objectives to estimate trends in annual risk of tuberculous infection (ARTI) among children in each of the zones. While the ARTI rates among children without BCG (Bacille Calmatte Guerin) scar estimated at first rounds of surveys have been presented earlier [4,5], the estimates among children including those with BCG scar and the trend in ARTI between the two rounds of surveys in respect of North Zone are presented hereunder
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