Abstract
BackgroundCardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of global mortality representing about one third of all deaths across the world. The objective of the present study was to model the global trend in disability-adjusted life years (DALY) and its components due to CVD over the past three decades. We also aimed to evaluate the longitudinal relationship between CVD DALY and Human Development Index (HDI) in this period of time.MethodsThe age-standardized rates of years lost due to disability (YLD), years of life lost (YLL) and DALY were extracted for cardiovascular diseases from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019 in years 1990 to 2019. Additionally, the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) database was used to retrieve HDI values for all world countries at the same period time. The trend analysis was performed using the joinpoint regression model.ResultsThe obtained revealed a significant downward trend for DALY and its components with the average annual percent change of − 1.0, − 0.3 and − 1.1 per 100,000 population, respectively for DALY, YLD and YLL. We also found that countries with high/very high levels of HDI have remarkably experienced steeper declining slope of trend than those in lower levels of HDI over the study period.ConclusionsAlthough the observed decreasing trend of CVD burden is a hopeful message for all world countries, the considerable gap in slope of trend between richer and poorer parts of the world is a serious alarm for health policy makers. Regarding this, there is an urgent need to put more efforts on implementing preventive programs, improving the level of patients’ care and providing efficient treatment, especially in regions with lower levels of HDI.
Highlights
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and one of the most important causes of disability in the entire world [1]
Conclusions: the observed decreasing trend of CVD burden is a hopeful message for all world countries, the considerable gap in slope of trend between richer and poorer parts of the world is a serious alarm for health policy makers
While non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for 60% of disability-adjusted life years (DALY) globally, about one-fourth of this burden is attributable to cardiovascular diseases [4]
Summary
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and one of the most important causes of disability in the entire world [1]. In the last three decades, the global prevalence of CVDs had an increase of 93% (from 271 million in 1990 to 523 million in 2019) and the CVD mortality has risen about 54% (from 12.1 million in 1990 to 18.6 million in 2019) which represents about one-third of the annual deaths across the world [3]. While non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are responsible for 60% of disability-adjusted life years (DALY) globally, about one-fourth of this burden is attributable to cardiovascular diseases [4]. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one cause of global mortality representing about one third of all deaths across the world. The objective of the present study was to model the global trend in disabilityadjusted life years (DALY) and its components due to CVD over the past three decades. We aimed to evaluate the longitudinal relationship between CVD DALY and Human Development Index (HDI) in this period of time
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