Trellis systems and rootstocks affect the quality and antioxidant potential of ‘BRS Cora’ grapes in rainy seasons under semiarid conditions

Rayssa Ribeiro Da Costa,Talita De Oliveira Ferreira,Maria Auxiliadora Coêlho De Lima

doi:10.1590/1678-4499.20200201

Abstract

ABSTRACT The quality and phenolic compound composition might be affected by production system due to microclimate around the bunches and sunlight interception provided by vegetative canopy architecture and environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to characterize the quality and antioxidant potential of ‘BRS Cora’ grapes with different trellis systems and rootstocks in rainy seasons under tropical conditions. Three trellis systems and two rootstocks were studied in production cycles during the first halves of 2017 and 2018, using a randomized-block experimental design. Interactions between the trellis systems,rootstocks and cycles differentially affect the fruit quality. The association between vertical shoot positioning or an overhead trellis with ‘IAC 766’ induced higher polyphenol compound contents. In turn, the trellis systems overhead trellis and lyre provided greater stability for the berry weight, soluble solids, total soluble sugar contents, yellow flavonoids, total extractable polyphenol compounds or antioxidant activity in both production cycles. The results of this study inferred that the grape quality and phenolic compound composition were not only affected by some specific climatic factors but also by the trellis system, rootstock, and the interaction between the three factors.

Highlights

Selected trellis systems, together with a specific rootstock, might increase vegetative and productive growth of grapevines, as they determine different foliar organizations and densities and affect chemical composition of the grape
The bunch weight was affected separately by trellis systems and production cycles, and grapevines trained to Overhead trellis system (OTS) yielded heavier bunches (Table 2)
Berry weight was affected by the interaction between trellis systems and production cycles, with the heaviest berries produced by grapevines trained to OTS in cycle 2 (Table 4)

Summary

Introduction

Selected trellis systems, together with a specific rootstock, might increase vegetative and productive growth of grapevines, as they determine different foliar organizations and densities and affect chemical composition of the grape. In Brazil, the Submedium São Francisco Valley is one of the major grape-producing regions, both for consumption in natura and for juice and wine production (Leão et al 2018) It is located in a semiarid tropical climate zone, with a mean temperature of 26 °C, high light incidence and low annual rainfall (Alvares et al 2013). Due to high incidence of local solar radiation and high temperatures, the grapevines do not pass through a dormant period, leading to continuous growth. This behavior combined with irrigation results in at least two harvests a year (Leão et al 2018). The extent of the influence of important components of the production system such as trellis systems and rootstocks, on productivity and quality of grapes under these conditions is little known

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