Abstract
O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito do treinamento fisico aplicado em um periodo pre-competitivo na potencia e na resistencia de forca explosiva de membros inferiores, no estresse e na recuperacao de jovens atletas de voleibol. Sete atletas (15,8 ± 0,5 anos, 186,1 ± 6,6cm, 75,9 ± 1,8kg) de uma equipe de voleibol sub-16, do sexo masculino, foram treinados durante um periodo pre-competitivo de quatro semanas. A carga interna de treinamento (CIT) foi monitorada pelo metodo PSE da sessao. Testes de salto vertical com contramovimento (CMJ) e de natureza intermitente, de quatro series de 15 segundos (TSVI), foram avaliados no 1o dia de treinamento (linha de base), no ultimo dia da 2a (pos-semana 2) e da 4a semana (pos-semana 4). O Questionario RESTQ-Sport foi aplicado na linha de base, no ultimo dia da 2a, 3a e 4a semanas (Pos-semana 2, 3 e 4). A CIT nao foi diferente (p>0,05). O CMJ aumentou no pos-semana 2, comparado com a linha de base e no pos-semana 4, comparado com o pos-semana 2 (p<0,05). A media de potencia nos 15 segundos iniciais e a media de potencia das quatro series de 15 segundos do TSVI foram maiores no pos-semana 4, comparado a linha de base (p<0,01). As escalas Fadiga e Lesoes do RESTQ-Sport se alteraram ao longo do treinamento (p<0,05). Conclui-se que o treinamento aplicado durante o periodo pre-competitivo proporcionou incrementos no CMJ e no TSVI, e as alteracoes no RESTQ-Sport sugerem que os atletas apresentaram niveis adequados de estresse e recuperacao.
Highlights
Volleyball is an intermittent sports modality in which the main actions of the game are performed at high intensity, intercalated with periods of low intensity[1]
The main findings of the present study were that the physical training applied promoted an increase in countermovement jump test (CMJ) performance and explosive strength endurance, demonstrated by the variables P15 and P60 in the IJT
The adaptations resulting from training may lead to lower load perceptions[28]. This suggests that the adjustments made after the second week of physical training were important for the maintenance of adequate training stimuli
Summary
Volleyball is an intermittent sports modality in which the main actions of the game are performed at high intensity, intercalated with periods of low intensity[1]. Trajkovic et al.[3] found no differences in the vertical jump height or spike jump height of adult volleyball athletes submitted to a 6-week pre-season training program based on specific volleyball skills This suggests that physical training is necessary to improve this ability[4,5]. The jumps performed in volleyball involve stretchshortening cycle actions which comprise a rapid eccentric phase of movement, followed by an immediate concentric phase, with great use of elastic and neural components. The characteristics of these movements are similar to those seen in power and plyometric exercises[6,7]. Improvement of vertical jump ability has been demonstrated in previous studies on young and adult volleyball and soccer players using separate plyometric, strength or power training, or a combination of methods[4,5,8]
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