Tree Species Composition and Diversity and the Abundance of Exotics in Forest Fragments of the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia

Abstract

ABSTRACT Forest fragmentation continues to increase throughout the United States and many studies show a trend toward taxonomic homogenization in fragments. Characterizing the species composition and diversity of remaining forest fragments and identifying factors influencing composition and diversity can help to inform management practices and aid in setting conservation priorities. Because influencing factors tend to be site-specific, studies of local and regional fragment community composition are needed. We studied forest community composition and diversity in four forest fragments of the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia. We found significant (p < 0.05) differences in tree species diversity (H') as well as abundance of exotic species across forest fragments. In addition, results of nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMS) showed that there were significant differences in species composition among fragments. Soil properties and stand age, in addition to presence of exotic species, were the most important f...