Abstract
ABSTRAT Projects involving floristic-phytosociological surveys are becoming increasingly frequent and is a very important tool to access the biodiversity, status of succession, biomass and carbon storage, guiding conservation and management strategies. These studies are particularly important in Atlantic Forest, which is considered a hotspot in terms of biodiversity, endemism and impacts. São Paulo State lost more than 80% of original forest and, nowadays, remains only isolated patches with a variety stage of succession and history of use. The aim of this study was to characterize the structure, composition and biomass of the woody plant community in a Montane Ombrophilous Dense Forest, Serra do Mar State Park. All trees with DBH ≥ 4.8 cm were sampled in 1 ha plot area, totaling 1,704 individuals belonging to 38 botanical families and 143 species. The highest species richness was found in the Myrtaceae and Lauraceae families, and the greatest value of abundance and Importance (IV) was observed in the Arecaceae and Euphorbiaceae. The Shannon index (H’) was 3.7 nats.ind.-1 and the Pielou’s evenness index (J) 0.7, characterizing a very diverse community with heterogeneous distribution of individuals by species. The aboveground biomass was 166.3 Mg.ha-1, similar to others studies in Atlantic forests. The forest composition, biomass and the history of land use indicate a middle secondary stage of regeneration, but evolving to a more mature condition.
Highlights
The Brazilian Atlantic Forest (AF) is the second largest tropical moist forest of South America, covering, initially, ca. 1.450 million km2 (17%) of the country (JOLY et al, 2014) and approximately 80% of the São Paulo State (JOLY et al, 1999)
In São Paulo State, only 15.3% of original forest cover remains (SOSMA/INPE, 2013). The majority of these remnants are found in the mountainous region of southeast near the shore, where is located the largest Conservation Unit of the Atlantic Forest, the Serra do Mar State Park (GALINDO-LEAL; CÂMARA, 2005)
Santa Virgínia Nucleus at Serra do Mar State Park extending over an area of 17,000 hectares and altitude range from 740 to 1,600 m (INSTITUTO FLORESTAL, 2010) is considered an important area in biological and cultural aspects
Summary
The Brazilian Atlantic Forest (AF) is the second largest tropical moist forest of South America, covering, initially, ca. 1.450 million km (17%) of the country (JOLY et al, 2014) and approximately 80% of the São Paulo State (JOLY et al, 1999). The Brazilian Atlantic Forest (AF) is the second largest tropical moist forest of South America, covering, initially, ca. The Atlantic Forest is considered the oldest Brazilian forest (RIZZINI, 1997), characterized by its high biodiversity and endemism and a hotspot for biodiversity conservation (MYERS et al, 2000), due land use change dating back to European’s settlement (RIBEIRO et al, 2009). In São Paulo State, only 15.3% of original forest cover remains (SOSMA/INPE, 2013). The majority of these remnants are found in the mountainous region of southeast near the shore, where is located the largest Conservation Unit of the Atlantic Forest, the Serra do Mar State Park (GALINDO-LEAL; CÂMARA, 2005). In the last three decades, many studies have been devoted to Atlantic forest, firstly focused in fauna and flora’s diversity and, more recently, focusing on the functionality of the forest and carbon stock (VIEIRA et al, 2008, JOLY et al, 2014)
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