Treatment with inhaled nitric oxide is associated with improved survival in preterm neonates diagnosed with pulmonary hypoplasia

Abstract

Purpose: We conducted this study to test our hypothesis that inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) therapy is associated with improved survival in preterm neonates with pulmonary hypoplasia (PH). In the setting of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), an otherwise normally developed fetus may develop PH. PPROM-associated PH often presents as severe hypoxic respiratory failure and may be complicated by persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN). Given the high mortality rate of PH among preterm neonates, many neonatologists prescribe iNO as a rescue therapy despite the limited evidence of its safety and effectiveness in this patient …