Treatment Strategy for Superficial Pharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Synchronously Combined with Esophageal Cancer

Abstract

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is often synchronously accompanied by pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC). However, treatment strategies for these synchronous cancers have not been established. Aim: To evaluate retrospectively the effects of both chemoradiotherapy (CRT) targeted for invasive ESCC on synchronous superficial PSCC and additional endoscopic resection (ER) for PSCC. Patients and Methods: Screening endoscopy in the pharynx was performed in newly diagnosed ESCC patients. CRT combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CDDP) was administered to all patients. The effect on superficial PSCC was only evaluated for 5-FU-CDDP chemotherapy that excluded the pharynx from the radiation field. When PSCC was remnant or recurrent in patients evaluated at complete response (CR) of ESCC, ER was performed on the PSCC. Results: Fourteen cases of superficial PSCC (4.0%) were detected in 348 ESCC patients. Three PSCC reached CR in 8 ESCC-CR patients, while all 3 lesions recurred. No treatment response was found in the remaining 11 PSCC. As a second treatment, ER for 8 PSCC was completed in the 8 ESCC-CR patients, with one complication due to pneumonia. Conclusions: Standard 5-FU-CDDP CRT targeted for invasive ESCC did not demonstrate a sufficient efficacy for superficial PSCC, while ER even for PSCC after chemotherapy was curative.