Abstract
Abstract : The project evaluated anticonvulsant and neuroprotectant properties of novel medical countermeasures to lithium-pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE)used here as a model of organophosphorus nerve agents. Although mefenamate induced modest anticonvulsant effects, survival was reduced and the SE-induced neuropathology was exacerbated. Nicotinamide induced only modest anticonvulsant and neuroprotectant activity at the doses tested. N-acetylcysteine was not anticonvulsant but enhanced both neurological deficit and neuropathology. PBN, but not S-PBN, induced significant neuroprotection. ACPC induced neuroprotection in temporal regions without anticonvulsant activity. D-cycloserine had no effect. Propofol induced significant neuroprotection and anticonvulsant activity in the rat model tested. It is recommended that PEN and ACPC be tested in multiple dose regimens for long term neuroprotection in nerve agent SE.
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