Treatment progress on giant cell tumors of bone

Abstract

Giant cell tumors(GCT) of bone is benign bone tumors with aggressive and osteolytic activity. As traditional treatment of GCT, removal of bone graft is disease with high local recurrence rate, and could reduce local recurrence by auxiliary means. Different surgical methods such as prosthesis replacement, wide resection and En-bloc resection could be selected for different parts of giant cell tumor of bone, based on the lesion location, size, extent of invasion, recurrence rate. For patients with special region of GCT of bone with removed incompletely and high surgical risk expected, arterial embolism could be performed. The application of bisphosphonates and denosumab are mainly used in treating recurrent, refractory, special parts, metastatic giant cell tumor of bone will bring new hope of treatment for giant cell tumor of bone, due to lower the recurrence rate. Chemotherapy is mainly used in the treatment of metastasis and malignant bone tumor. Radiotherapy for recurrent or unresectable bone giant cell tumor can control tumor progression, but there is the possibility of malignancy. While long-term follow-up studies and long-term results of applications of bisphosphonates and denosumab are lacking, new methods and development of new drugs are still be needed to treat patients with giant cell tumor of bone and also bring about more hope.