Treatment outcomes and predicting factors for diabetic macular edema treated with ranibizumab - One-year real-life results in Taiwan.

Abstract

To report the one-year outcomes of diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with ranibizumab under a real-life setting in Taiwan, and to identify the prognostic factors. Between July 2013 and January 2015, 119 eyes receiving intravitreal ranibizumab for DME were retrospectively recruited. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central foveal thickness (CFT) measured with optical coherence tomography were collected at baseline and at Month 3, 6, and 12. Linear regression was used to identify the predicting factors for changes in BCVA and CFT at Month 12. The average number of ranibizumab given within one year was 4.36±1.87. The BCVA (logMAR) improved from 0.74±0.30at baseline to 0.64±0.37at Month 12 (p=0.002). A better improvement in BCVA at Month 3 was significantly correlated with a better visual improvement at Month 12 (p<0.001). The existence of subretinal fluid at baseline (p=0.02) and a greater reduction in CFT at Month 3 (p<0.001) were both correlated with a greater reduction in CFT at Month 12. Previous subtenon injection of triamcinolone acetonide was associated with fewer additional IVR after Month 3 (odds ratio=0.35, 95% CI=0.14-0.89). Compared with existing prospective studies, the one-year real-life data in Taiwan showed fewer ranibizumab injections for DME and a less prominent yet still significant visual improvement. Both visual and anatomical improvements at Month 3 were correlated with the level of improvements at Month 12. Previous subtenon steroid injection might reduce the need of additional ranibizumab injections.