Abstract

目的 探讨先天性小眼球及隐眼眼窝畸形的最佳矫治时机与矫治方法.方法 回顾性分析我院收治的14例(14眼)先天性小眼球(其中2例为隐眼)病例的临床表现、就诊时间、矫治方法及治疗效果.结果 14例中的12例行小眼球摘除联合义眼座植入术,9例因小睑裂、小眼眶,同时行内、外眦延长成形术,并选用了最小号(直径18 mm)的义眼座;其中3例外侧眶缘截骨术,2例术中将义眼台进行了磨削,实际直径为16~17 mm.12例术后均眶腔饱满,眼睑可自然睁开和闭合,配戴义眼片后,术眼活动与健眼同步,外观逼真,达到了满意的美学效果.随访6月~6年,平均23.5个月,无感染、眼座暴露或上眶区凹陷等并发症.其余2例结膜瓣遮盖后,配戴义眼片,因眼眶发育较好,美容效果也较理想.结论 由于眼眶发育与眼眶的张力即眼球的直径直接相关,且有年龄阶段性.我们认为对眼球最大直径小于10 mm的小眼球宜尽早选用相对稍大的羟基磷灰石义眼座矫治眼窝畸形;对最大直径大于10 mm的小眼球患者,可先配戴义眼片并不断更换较大的义眼片,到8岁以后再酌情为他们施行义眼座植入手术;对小眼球角膜直径大于7 mm,眼眶、结膜囊发育接近健眼,可保留眼球,仅以定制义眼片矫治眼窝凹陷。

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