Abstract
Dairy foods represent a large market, grossing more than $125 billion per year worldwide. Dairy effluent has high organic load and therefore must be treated before disposing in the water bodies. Natural coagulants represent a good option for effluent treatment, among which is the Moringa Oleífera (MO) seed. In this sense, the present work experimentally evaluates the effluent treatment efficiency of the dairy industrial effluents using coagulants based on the MO seed, also discussing environmental and economic potentialities of seed planting. Evaluation was carried out by use of the MO seed both directly (comminuted) and in saline solution by Jar Test essay. The COD clarification and removal efficiency of the crude sample was evaluated for different initial turbidity and coagulant volume scenarios. The results showed a high turbidity reduction efficiency (between 97 and 99%) in most of the tests by the direct use of MO seeds. The cropped area required for this application in a dairy industry with processing of 10 m³ of milk per day was 1775 m². The use of MO seed in saline solution did not achieve the same efficiency, indicating the need to optimize the test parameters. The results might to base more extensive discussions of potentialities and limitations of the use of MO seed as a potential coagulant.
Highlights
Dairy foods represent a large market, grossing more than $125 billion per year worldwide (Mccain et al, 2018)
For the Moringa Oleífera (MO) seed direct use in the dairy effluent the results showed that the coagulant significantly removed turbidity values, reaching at least 10.6 NTU (99%)
The present study evaluated the use of Moringa Oleifera seed for clarification of dairy effluents
Summary
Dairy foods represent a large market, grossing more than $125 billion per year worldwide (Mccain et al, 2018). According to Formigoni (2017), Brazilian milk production was 34 billion liters in 2016, generating a turnover of 19.3 billion USD in this year, making Brazil the fourth largest producer in the world ranking, with approximately 23 million dairy cows, 1.3 million dairy farmers and 2,000 dairy farms with inspection. The large water amount to produce dairy products places the dairy industry as a major effluent source. Five liters of effluents are generated to treat two liters of milk, which, when discharged with pollutants in waterbodies, generates a quality modification and its pollution (Begnini and Ribeiro, 2014). Dairy effluents are mainly composed of proteins, such as casein, carbohydrates, mainly lactose, fats, suspended solids, nitrogen, phosphorus and inorganic pollutants (Britz et al, 2008). If released into waterbodies without proper treatment, it drastically reduces the concentration of dissolved oxygen and endanger the entire water ecosystem (Villa et al, 2007)
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