Abstract

To conduct a retrospective clinical and radiological study of the first few cases operated by kyphoplasty at one center of Madrid. Thirty patients were reviewed (43 vertebrae) who were operated between December 2002 and May 2005. The etiological distribution was as follows: 24 patients with an osteoporotic fracture and 6 with osteolytic tumors (lung cancer, 1 case; breast cancer, 2; hypernephroma, 1; and myeloma, 2). Mean follow-up was 13.2 months. Pain reduction was assessed by means of the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the Karnosfky score and the amount of analgesia used before the procedure and during follow-up. Preand postoperative endplate angles were measured to assess the restoration of the sagittal alignment. A 93.2% of patients improved. Mean VAS increased by 5 points (p < 0.05). Karnosfky score went from 70.63 to 90 points (p < 005). Patients using major opioids went from 53% befofre surgery to 6.6% postoperatively (p < 0.05). 20 cases (46.5%) showed radiological improvement. If we exclude uncorrected vertebrae, the improvement obtained was 21.7% as regards crushing (range: 5-70%) and 13.86° as regards Cobb's angle (range: 3-30°). There were 6 instances of anterolateral cement extravasation, all of them asymptomatic. Two adjoining fractures were detected (both in the first three months post-op), one of them with clinical repercussions. In the group of patients with tumors, final results were comparable to the general series. Most cases show a significant improvement with no associated complications. Kyphoplasty is a highly effective minimally invasive technique with a low degree of morbidity. Análisis retrospectivo clínico y radiológico sobre los primeros casos intervenidos mediante cifoplastia en un centro de la Comunidad de Madrid. Se revisaron 30 pacientes (43 vértebras) intervenidos entre diciembre 2002 y mayo 2005. La distribución etiológica fue: 24 pacientes con fractura osteoporótica y 6 con implantes tumorales líticos (1 caso de cáncer de pulmón, 2 de mama, un hipernefroma y 2 mielomas). El seguimiento medio fue de 13,2 meses. Se valoró la escala analógica visual (EAV), el índice de Karnosfky y la analgesia empleada antes del proceso y tras el seguimiento. También se midió el porcentaje de aplastamiento, el ángulo de Cobb local y la corrección de ambos. El 93,2% de los pacientes mejoraron. La media de la EAV aumentó 5 puntos (p < 0,05). El índice de Karnosfky pasó de 70,63 a 90 puntos (p < 0,05). El 53% usaba opiáceos mayores antes de la cirugía, pasando el porcentaje después de la cirugía al 6,6% (p < 0,05). Veinte casos (46,5%) mejoraron radiológicamente. Excluyendo aquellas vértebras que no se corrigieron, la mejora obtenida fue de 21,7% de aplastamiento (rango 5-70%) y 13,86° de corrección ángulo de Cobb (rango 3-30°) respectivamente. Hubo 6 extravasaciones anterolaterales, todas asintomáticas. Se detectaron 2 fracturas adyacentes (ambas en los tres primeros meses tras la cirugía), una con repercusión clínica. En el subgrupo de pacientes tumorales los resultados finales fueron comparables a la serie general. La mayoría de los casos mejoran sustancialmente sin complicaciones asociadas. La cifoplastia es una técnica de baja morbilidad y alta eficacia.

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