Treatment of traumatic pancreatic pseudocysts in children: the role of percutaneous catheter drainage

Abstract

Six cases of successful percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) of pancreatic pseudocysts in children ages 3–13 years are presented. All cases involved blunt abdominal trauma and presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, epigastric tenderness without a palpable mass, and elevated serum amylase. Indications for PCD were an enlarging pseudocysts and marked abdominal pain. Catheter placement was accomplished using CT guidance 15.3±1.8 days (mean ± SEM) following injury. Two patients had transgastric PCD. None of the pseudocysts were infected. Catheters were left in place until the drainage ceased, the serum amylase approached normal, the pseudocyst resolved on ultrasound, and the asymptomatic patient tolerated enteral feedings with the catheter clamped. The mean duration of catheter drainage was 18.3±3.7 days. At the time of catheter insertion, the range of serum amylase values was 242–2810 IU/l, while discharge values were 50–147 IU/l (normal: 16–108 IU/l). The mean hospital stay was 36.2±3.8 days and the mean length of total parenteral nutrition was 27.5±4.5 days. All pseudocysts were treated successfully without complication. PCD of traumatic pancreatic pseudocysts in children was performed safely and effectively in our study. Use of this therapeutic modality allowed earlier treatment, decreased the duration of symptoms, and avoided abdominal operation. PCD may prove to be the treatment of choice for pancreatic pseudocysts in children.