Abstract
The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCAC) is increasing in both sexes but the standard treatment remains that of 20 years ago. However, interesting data have recently emerged on the use of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) agents and immunotherapy in advanced disease. Thus, new avenues of research are opening up that will hopefully lead to more effective therapeutic strategies. We provide an overview of the latest studies published on this tumor and discuss the possible future therapeutic options for combination therapy, anti-EGFR treatment and radiotherapy.
Highlights
Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCAC) represents 2.5% of all gastrointestinal cancers
We provide an overview of the latest studies published on this tumor and discuss the possible future therapeutic options for combination therapy, anti-Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) treatment and radiotherapy
The present review evaluates the latest data published on squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCAC) and discusses the future therapeutic options for combination therapy, anti-EGFR treatment and radiotherapy
Summary
Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCAC) represents 2.5% of all gastrointestinal cancers. Five-year survival is 80% for localized disease (Johnson et al, 2004). Abdominoperineal resection and permanent colostomy was the standard therapy for non-metastatic disease and 5-year survival was 50–60% (Clark et al, 2004). There are virtually no data in the literature on the treatment of metastatic SCAC, the current standard of care for which is cisplatin and 5-FU (Faivre et al, 1999; Jaiyesimi and Cisplatin, 1993; Tanum, 1993; Khater et al, 1986; Ajani et al, 1989). Treatment for advanced disease has not changed in the last 20 years. The present review evaluates the latest data published on SCAC and discusses the future therapeutic options for combination therapy, anti-EGFR treatment and radiotherapy
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