Abstract
Abstract The present study investigates the application of induced air flotation (IAF) technique on PAHs (PAHs) removal performance from a real oilfield produced water of a separator cell. The quantification of total PAHs (PAHtot) was done using ultraviolet-visible spectrometry (UV-Vis) according to the naphthalene calibration curve. The UV-Vis spectra of naphthalene dissolved in a mixture of the binary solvent (water-ethanol) and the Tween 80 showed stability in the molecular orbital of C10H8. The use of small concentration of Tween 80 was revealed to be discrete in the quantification of PAHtot. The flotation process was improved at the critical micelle concentration of Tween 80 (CMC) of 2 % and the critical coalescence concentration of ethanol (CCC) of 0.5 mL/L for the PAHtot recovery of 49.76 % and the PAHtot content in the pulp of 50.24 %. At these concentrations, half of PAHtot was removed from produced water PW. Above the CMC and the CCC, the PAHtot recovery decreased and the PAHtot content in the pulp increased. It was found that there is a collector concentration at which the amount of water carrying from the pulp to the concentrate was increased and in parallel, the PAHtot recovery increased and the PAHtot content in the pulp decreased. Both of the CMC and the CCC have promoted the decrease on the conditioning time from 30 to 10 min and the flotation time from 20 to 6 min. Since the impeller speed and air flow rate were constant, the flotation of PAHs was limited. The flotation kinetics of PAHtot was described by the Higuchi model.
Highlights
Produced water (PW) represents the largest volume waste stream in oil and gas production operations (El-Kayar et al 1993; Pardue et al 2014)
By varying the concentrations of Tween 80 in ethanol from 0.5 to 20 % and of the quantity of collector-frother solution from 0.2 to 1.5 mL added to the flotation cell, the effect of a wide range of Tween 80 and ethanol concentrations on the PAHtot recovery from PW by induced air flotation (IAF) could be tested
The flotation tests were done as following: after conditioning, air was injected; 2 mL of samples were taken from the froth each 2 min of flotation until the end of the process for two different condition times (5 and 10 min) and PAHtot concentrations were determined by ultraviolet-visible spectrometry (UV-Vis) spectrometry analysis
Summary
Produced water (PW) represents the largest volume waste stream in oil and gas production operations (El-Kayar et al 1993; Pardue et al 2014). Tween series are known for their assistance in separating such pollutants such as hydrophobic organic compounds from water and soils (Hoseini et al 2013; Lau et al 2014; Roodbari et al 2016; Gharibzadeh et al 2016) Their low toxicity and acceptable degree of biodegradability are responsible for their extensive utility (Szymczyk and Taraba 2016). Ultraviolet–visible spectrometry (UV-Vis) was employed to probe the interaction of naphthalene and the binary solvent (waterethanol) The effect of both Tween 80 and ethanol concentrations on the flotation of PAHs from a real oilfield PW were investigated. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the IAF performance
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