Abstract
Osteoporosis consists of decreased bone strength and increased risk of fractures due to decreased mass and abnormal bone microarchitecure. Almost 20% of postmenopausal women have osteoporosis as defined by World Health Organization (WHO) criteria (T-score <- 2.5). Besides the bone mineral density (BMD) expressed by T-score, advancing age, premature menopause, low body weight (≤120lbs), maternal history of hip fracture, previous fracture, loss of height (≥3 inches) and the use of glucocorticosteroids are risk factors for bone fractures. Identifying the postmenopausal women at risk include both an evaluation for risk factors (including secondary causes of osteoporosis) and measurement of bone mass density (BMD) by dual X-ray absorbtiometry (DXA).
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