Treatment of orbital floor fractures in a reference center in Mexico city

Abstract

Background: Orbital trauma accounts for approximately 3% of all emergency department visits, with approximately 4.4 million annual visits in the United States alone. We aim to describe the treatment of adult patients with orbital floor fractures between 2016 and 2021. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional, and observational study was conducted on the medical records of adult patients with orbital floor fractures between 2016 and 2021 in a referral center in Mexico city. Results: The study included 53 patients, 5 females (8%) and 48 males (92%), with a median age of 37 years at the time of diagnosis. Among the reported trauma mechanisms, falls and violence were the most common. 4 patients (7.5%) had impure right unilateral fractures, 4 patients (7.5%) had impure left unilateral fractures, 18 patients (33.9%) had pure left unilateral fractures, 22 patients (41.5%) had pure right unilateral fractures. Five patients (9.4%) had pure bilateral fractures. Six (11.3%) received non-surgical treatment, while 47 (88.6%) underwent surgical treatment. The most common surgical approach was the transconjunctival with lateral extension. Conclusions: There was a predominance of male patients and physical aggression as the primary trauma mechanism. Automated vehicle accidents were associated with more complex fractures. The most common type of orbital floor fracture was pure right unilateral. Most patients underwent open reduction with internal fixation.