Treatment of large incisional abdominal wall hernias, using a modified preperitoneal prosthetic mesh repair

Abstract

Very large and complex incisional hernias, especially those with loss of abdominal wall, can be a very interesting and perplexing problem, which present a particular challenge to the surgeon. The reported technique was developed and refined by one of our surgeons, between 1998 and 1999 for the repair of incisional hernias in a selected group of patients with large defects, often with a major loss of abdominal wall, overweight and previous attempts for incisional hernia repair. The technique involves a modified preperitoneal approach and was used on 43 eligible patients between 1999 and 2002. There were 30 females and 13 males at a mean age of 61 years. The median ASA score of the group was 2, with a mean BMI of 30.4 and a mean hernia surface area of 162 cm(2). One-third of the patients had one or more previous incisional hernia repair. Mean operating time was 190 min with an average hospital stay of 5.7 days. Postoperative complications occurred in 28% of the patients, most of which were minor and did not necessitate admission to the intensive care unit. None of the patients died. Wound infections occurred in 9.3%, was associated with an increased risk for cutaneous sinus formation, but not for mesh removal or hernia recurrence. A recurrence rate of 12.5% was found after a mean follow-up period of 46 months. We advocate this procedure for the repair of large, complex incisional hernias with loss of abdominal domain in patients with significant risk factors for recurrence.