Abstract
The present work revealed an electrochemical oxidation approach for the treatment of a high-salinity reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate on boron doped diamond (BDD) and two titanium based dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs), Ti/IrO 2–Ta 2O 5 and Ti/IrO 2–RuO 2. The electrochemical characterization, morphological characterization, COD removal and energy consumption of the three electrodes were comparably studied, and the effects of current density and initial pH on the treatment performance were investigated. Both direct oxidation and indirect oxidation by active chlorines played a role on the treatment of RO concentrate, but the contribution was different on three anodes. A highest COD removal was observed on BDD electrode at the same current density, and a least energy consumption was obtained on Ti/IrO 2–RuO 2 electrode, while only partial COD removal was achieved on Ti/IrO 2–Ta 2O 5 electrode. The feasibility of the electrochemical treatment of RO concentrate was validated, and the Ti/IrO 2–RuO 2 electrode showed the greatest potential for industrial application owing to its comparably large removal efficiency, low energy consumption and suitability in wide pH ranges.
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