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Abstract
AbstractWashwater from pig pens was led from a lagoon and treated in a series of vertical flow reed beds over 2 yr. A recirculation component was added in the second yr. Five‐day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium‐N (NH4‐N), and nitrate‐N (NO3‐N) were measured during the late winter/early spring periods for the 2 yr. Values of KBoD, to describe performance of horizontal flow reed beds, were determined for the vertical flow beds and compared with values derived from the literature. Maximum BOD5 removal was 96%, but averaged 65 and 61% over the first and second year periods, respectively. Performance of each stage, as indicated by percent removal of BOD5, was best described by an inverse logarithmic function of hydraulic load. Ponding was a problem, indicating a need for control of organic loading. Efficient nitrification was not achieved so that the treatment did not result in waste suitable for direct discharge to surface water.
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