Treatment of Cancer Pain: A Systematic Review.

Abstract

One of the biggest problems regarding the treatment of cancer patients is pain, whether due to the cancer or the treatment itself. Therefore, there is a search for treatments that aims to promote an effective treatment in this sense. This article aims to verify which are the recent methods used to treat pain in cancer patients in a multidisciplinary sense, and to evaluate their effectiveness. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses and randomized clinical trials utilizing the LILACS, NCBI, and MEDLINE platforms of the last 5 years were included. The descriptors were pain treatment in oncology, pain management, complementary therapies, and other synonyms, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. This included any technique that was effective in the treatment of cancer pain. The initial search found 2246 articles, of which 22 were included in the systematic review. Most of these are acupuncture treatments, opioids versus anti-inflammatories versus analgesics, radiotherapy, behavioral therapies, among others. Most articles suggest benefits with these therapies, improved quality of life for patients and tolerable side effects. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the current methods used in the treatment of pain in cancer patients so that professionals in the area can have more options for treating cancer pain. Despite the important limitations, the guideline for further research and the situations in which treatments have shown effectiveness are present in it.