Abstract
The treatment of ADHD in adults is very similar to that recommended for children and adolescents. There have been many more clinical trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of the drugs used in ADHD treatment on children than adults. Pharmacotherapy for adults with ADHD has been shown to be effective. The National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines recommend pharmacotherapy as first-line treatment for adult ADHD. The NICE guidelines consider stimulants (methylphenidate and dexamfetamine) as the first choice for treatment of adult ADHD, and the non-stimulant atomoxetine as a second-line treatment option, followed by other non-stimulant medications such as bupropion and tricyclic antidepressants. This recommendation is in line with European Consensus as determined by the European Network of Adult ADHD. Psychological treatment programmes have been developed implementing psychoeducation, cognitive–behavioural therapy, dialectical behaviour therapy, and mindfulness. Typically, psychological treatments have been added to drug treatment.
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