Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a growing global health crisis, however, there are currently very few effective treatments for it. All existent treatments serve only to ameliorate the symptoms of AD instead of curing it. With the deepening of the disease pathology in recent years, there have been many studies and clinical trials that aim to discover new disease-modifying therapies. Nanoparticle drug delivery platform is a promising path for its high penetration rate across the blood brain barrier, while heat shock proteins provide a new strategy to target the mutant proteins that cause AD. These novel therapies may help us better treat and potentially cure AD, but many of them are still in their early stage of development and their side effects are still unknown. A truly effective treatment for AD is still years ahead.
Highlights
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that impairs the brain's cognitive and memory function in the elderly population
[1] The specifics of how these abnormalities lead to the symptoms of AD are still unclear, but it is theorized that the insoluble protein oligomers can cause an inflammatory effect, and the subsequent oxidative damage kills many neurons surrounding the aggregated proteins
[2] Even though genetics can directly affect how proteins behave, it is being proven in numerous studies that ageing, environmental, and dietary risk factors may contribute the most when it comes to developing AD
Summary
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that impairs the brain's cognitive and memory function in the elderly population. There are several proposed pathologies for AD, including neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) formed by hyper-phosphorylated tau protein and aggregation of extracellular proteins like β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide. (Fig. 1) [1] The specifics of how these abnormalities lead to the symptoms of AD are still unclear, but it is theorized that the insoluble protein oligomers can cause an inflammatory effect, and the subsequent oxidative damage kills many neurons surrounding the aggregated proteins. [2] Even though genetics can directly affect how proteins behave, it is being proven in numerous studies that ageing, environmental, and dietary risk factors may contribute the most when it comes to developing AD. [5] This article will review the current therapies for AD and discuss some of the future treatments currently being proposed or developed All the existing therapies only seek to mitigate the symptoms and prolong the patients' life. [5] This article will review the current therapies for AD and discuss some of the future treatments currently being proposed or developed
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