Treating Pain With the Lidocaine Patch 5% After Total Knee Arthroplasty

Abstract

To investigate the potential benefits of the lidocaine patch 5% for pain control during the postoperative period after a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). A prospective cohort study in which we analyzed patients admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation unit after a TKA. Fifty-three consecutive patients who underwent a TKA and were admitted to an orthopedic rehabilitation unit. Thirty-one patients received the lidocaine patch 5%, and 22 patients served as the control group. On the day of admission, the 24-item Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) was used to evaluate each patient's pain and functional capacity before surgery. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to assess pain ratings every other day starting on rehabilitation day 1. The average end point of the study was rehabilitation day 11. The primary outcome measure was the change in VAS from day of admission. Secondary outcomes in the lidocaine patch 5% group consisted of length of use and a patient satisfaction survey. The lidocaine patch 5% and control group were demographically well matched. The average admission WOMAC score was 49.3 and 57.1 for the lidocaine patch 5% and control groups, respectively. The average length of stay was 13.2 ± 5.1 days for the lidocaine patch 5% group and 12.4 ± 3.7 days for the control group. A statistically significant difference in VAS was found on day 3 (P = .05) between the 2 groups, with the control group demonstrating better pain relief. However, both groups reported similar pain improvements by the end of their hospital stay. Of the 31 patients receiving lidocaine patch 5%, 94% of the patients reported satisfaction and attributed pain relief to its use. Overall, the concurrent use of lidocaine patch 5% in treating the postoperative pain of patients after TKA does not provide significant additional pain relief compared with control subjects.