Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to provide new insights into travelers’ bi-attribute (travel time and travel cost) risky mode choice behavior with one risky option (i.e., the highway) and one non-risky option (i.e., the transit) from the long-term planning perspective. In the classical Wardropian User Equilibrium principle, travelers make their choice decisions only based on the mean travel times, which might be an unrealistic behavioral assumption. In this paper, an alternative approach is proposed to partially remedy this unrealistic behavioral assumption with flow-dependent salience theory, based on which we study travelers’ context-dependent bi-attribute mode choice behavior, focusing on the effect of travelers’ salience characteristic. Travelers’ attention is drawn to the bi-attribute salient travel utility, and then the objective probability of each state for the risky world is distorted in favor of this bi-attribute salient travel utility. A long-term bi-attribute salient user equilibrium will be achieved when no traveler can improve their bi-attribute salient travel utility by unilaterally changing the choice decisions. Conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the bi-attribute salient user equilibrium are presented, and based on the equilibrium results, we analyze travelers’ risk attitudes in this bi-attribute risky choice problem. Finally, numerical examples are conducted to examine the sensitivity of equilibrium solutions to the input parameters, which are cost difference and salience bias.
Highlights
We develop a bi-attribute salient user equilibrium model based on this choice model and prove its solution existence and uniqueness
We present the formal analysis on the bi-attribute salient user equilibrium (BaSUE), and before that, following the principle of expected utility theory, we present the analysis on the bi-attribute expected user equilibrium (BaEUE) as a benchmark case for comparison
We proposed to use the flow-dependent salience theory to support this research aim, and developed the biattribute salient travel utility model
Summary
There are several unrealistic assumptions underlying this principle One of these is that travel times on the traffic network are deterministic. Numerous studies that consider the uncertainty on the traffic network have been conducted. The authors in [5] classified the travelers into three categories on the stochastic traffic network, which are risk-neutral, risk-seeking and risk-averse. The authors in [7] studied a risk-neutral congestion pricing problem and formulated it as a stochastic programming problem. The authors in [8] proposed a general approach to incorporate stochastic variations into the macroscopic traffic model. The authors in [9] studied a simultaneous route and departure time choice problem with stochastic travel times, where the demand is fixed and the link capacity is stochastic. The work of [10] classified uncertainty during the decision making
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