Abstract
Placements of Road Side Units (RSUs) are an important issue of vehicular networks in urban areas. The merged cost of procurement, installation, and maintenance of intelligent RSUs is high, and therefore, cost-effective deployment strategies are necessary. In this article, we propose a scheme that optimally deploys intelligent roadside units using a travel matrix scheme based on the classical delta strategy where urban vehicles are involved in RSUs communication in the course of their travel times. Four (4) vehicular communication modes are studied, namely, (a) travel matrix based on delta RSUs deployment communication, (b) road intersection-based RSUs deployment communication, (c) road segmentation, and (d) free vehicle-to-vehicle communication. A baseline algorithm is suggested to determine the optimal locations of RSUs in terms of their geographical positions. A travel matrix technique is proposed to trace vehicles’ routeways and travel times in some points of interest (POI). Our intention is to seek an approach that reduces the required number of RSUs and ensures greater network performance effectiveness in terms of packets delivery ratio, throughput, message delay, and jitter; from our study, travel matrix delta-based placement of RSUs becomes the best in our case study scenario. The simulation results indicate that the travel matrix deployment is a suitable deployment scheme in the case study area since it can reduce the number of RSUs while enhancing the vehicular communication abilities under different vehicle density scenarios.
Highlights
Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a subclass of mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) that consists of dynamic and/or stationary vehicles connected by the wireless network through specialized protocols like IEEE 802.11p based on Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC)
Suppose in vehicular communication 95% of the vehicles need to communicate with Road Side Units (RSUs) for 95% of their travel times. en its delta deployment will be expressed as Δ00..9955 [13]. is metric can be adopted by network designers for new network setups and to make economic decisions for network infrastructures
Optimal deployment of RSUs and network performance analysis study is presented based on a travel matrix strategy that connects a specific number of vehicular entities in the identified points of interest (POI), road segmentation, and intersection-based deployment plus V2V communication. e research work further introduces a baseline procedural algorithm that guides the RSUs deployment process
Summary
Vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a subclass of mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) that consists of dynamic and/or stationary vehicles connected by the wireless network through specialized protocols like IEEE 802.11p based on Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC). With the development of the smart city and the Internet of ings (IoT), VANET and Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) at large have gained a lot of popularity with IoT and its frameworks [1]. IoT network has seamlessly introduced several opportunities that initiate value-added services, which presently accelerate the development of smart city [2]. With the advancement of smart city and smart infrastructures, vehicles have continued to gain a paramount consideration for IoT [3] and the services they render to the smart city are very clear [4]. Despite a multitude of components that constitute an integral smart city ecosystem, ITS plays a vital role beyond vehicles communicating to the infrastructures and has demonstrated prominent improvement to the lives of urban commuters, mainly in the aspects of city traffic control [5]
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