Abstract
Objectives. Studies have shown the existence of a significant home ground advantage in a range of sports. The aim of this study was to determine whether home performances of the South African teams during the 1996 - 2005 seasons were different before touring to Australia and New Zealand, compared with the home matches played after the 4 - 5-week tour. The question was relevant because this competition places unusual demands on the players. For example, the duration of the tournament is 12 weeks, during which time the South African teams travel across 37.3 ± 2.5 time zones as they play 11 matches. Therefore, any home ground advantage may be negated by travel fatigue. Outcome measures. The mean points difference was calculated for home fixtures for four South African teams both prior to and following touring during the competitions from 1996 to 2005. Play‑off matches were excluded from analysis. Performance was defined as a positive points difference (points difference = points ‘for' minus points ‘against'). Results. The first finding of the study was that a home ground advantage did indeed exist for all the teams during the tournament (points difference of 6.6 ± 17.4 (N = 664 matches) home vs. -6.8 ± 17.3 points away (N = 656 matches) (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the mean ‘home' points difference for all the South African rugby teams either before (1.9 points, N = 96 matches) or after (2.3 points, N = 107 matches) touring overseas in the Super 12 competition. South African Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 19 (1) 2007: pp. 20-22
Highlights
In professional sport, much research has focused on the possible advantages[1,4,10,11,12] and disadvantages[3,17,19,20] associated with being the home or visiting team
The first finding of the study was that a home ground advantage did exist for all the teams during the tournament (points difference of 6.6 ± 17.4 (N = 664 matches) home vs. -6.8 ± 17.3 points away (N = 656 matches) (p < 0.05)
There was no difference between the mean ‘home’ points difference for all the South African rugby teams either before (1.9 points, N = 96 matches) or after (2.3 points, N = 107 matches) touring overseas in the Super 12 competition
Summary
Much research has focused on the possible advantages[1,4,10,11,12] and disadvantages[3,17,19,20] associated with being the home or visiting team. When tournaments have games played according to a balanced home and away schedule, there is compelling evidence that a home advantage phenomenon exists.[6,12] Local crowds, familiarity with local conditions, travel and rules appear to contribute to this phenomenon.[12]. It has previously been shown that a home ground advantage in this tournament does exist,[7,10] there is evidence to suggest that the advantages of playing at home may be negated by the disadvantages associated with fatigue resulting from travel and changing time zones.[15,16,18]
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