Traumatology of the lateral skull base

Abstract

The most common cause of lateral skull base fractures are still road traffic accidents, followed by falls. The radiologic classification into otic capsule-sparing or otic capsule-violating fractures correlates well with an increased risk of injury to the sensitive structures of the middle ear with otic capsule-violating fractures. In case of immediate onset complete facial nerve paralysis, decompression surgery is generally recommended if bony impingement can be demonstrated on high-resolution CT of the temporal bone. For many other facials nerve complications, recent publications have achieved good to excellent facial nerve recovery rates with watchful waiting under conservative treatment with prednisolone administration.