Traumatism and the problems of safety norms in student construction brigades of Kharkiv region: historical context

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to reveal the issue of creating the safety system in the student building units (henceforth SBU) of the Kharkiv region and analyze the effects of the safety rules violation as for the housing conditions and the organization of the work of the students. To make an objective research and a comprehensive analysis, the following methods of research are used: the retrospective (historical and genetic) and the historical and comparative. An application of the oral and historical method of investigation is an important factor for the suggested issue researching as in the soviet period, the facts presented in the mass media and documents had an ideological embodiment and keeping facts secret, making misrepresentations and falsifications were afforded. Therefore, the method of interviewing and taking notes of the evidence of the work semesters’ members plays an important role in the research as it gives an opportunity to reconstruct an all-round and detailed picture of the mentioned events. The main results. The main stages of creating a clear organizational work in compliance with the safety rules in the SBU and the consequences of the violations that resulted in injuries and even fatal outcomes are analyzed. It is noted that such cases, as a rule, were kept secret. The summary. Using the example of the SBU of the Kharkiv region, the reasons for violating the safety rules by the students are investigated. Among the main reasons, a lack of proper living conditions for the students, a failure of the contracting enterprises to comply with the agreement to prepare construction sites and guarantee safe working conditions for the SBU fighters are distinguished. Practical value. As youth working units are being revived at the higher educational establishments a further research of the issue is becoming urgent lately. The perspective of a special research is studying the issue of the medical service organization of the fighters of the student construction units as well as participation of foreign students in the movement of student building units. The originality. Archival documents are analyzed and concrete facts of the safety rules violation by the students are revealed. The scientific value. As the result of the research, the main reasons of the safety rules violation are identified, namely, a negligence of the administration of the enterprises to comply with the agreement between the SBU and the enterprise and provide safe conditions of housing and working on the construction sites, improper transportation of the students, violation of the statute of the student building units and violation of the “dry law”. The type of the article: descriptive.