Abstract
Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is considered to be a true ophthalmic emergency. The National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study 2 (NASCIS 2) established the current treatment protocol for the management of TON, which indicates that treatment should start within 8 h of injury. Therefore, diagnosis should be made as soon as possible. Traumatic optic neuropathy is a rare but potentially devastating complication of closed head injury. Knowledge concerning the pathophysiologic mechanisms of TON is limited. The optic nerve is a tract of the brain, therefore the cellular and biochemical pathophysiology of brain and spinal cord trauma and ischemia provide insight into the mechanisms that may operate in TON. The management of TON rests on an accurate diagnosis, which begins with a comprehensive clinical assessment and appropriate neuroimaging.
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