Traumatic atypical Brown-Sequard syndrome: case report and literature review

Abstract

A man was kicked on the neck, 10 days after which he noted right-sided numbness. Clinically, he had diminished deep tendon reflexes over the left upper limb, absent left superficial abdominal reflexes, a left extensor plantar response, mild left hemiparesis, diminished pinprick, temperature and vibratory sensation up to the right T 4–5 dermatome and diminished proprioceptive sensation in the right upper and lower limbs. Cervicothoracic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a left C 6–7 posterolateral disc prolapse with indentation and oedema of the cord at the same level. He was given intravenous dexamethasone, with mild resolution of his motor but not his sensory symptoms. Transcranial magnetic stimulation and evoked potentials performed 3 days later were unremarkable. He was discharged soon after, preferring to seek traditional therapy in his country. We attempt to explain the anatomical basis for his clinical signs, review the literature for similar cases, and examine the usefulness of available treatment and investigations.