Trauma in Primary Teeth at a Specialized Service Center: Retrospective Cohort

Samara Verçosa Lessa,Alexandre Marques Paes Da Silva,Luiza Andrade Dos Santos,Luciane Monte Alto De Seabra,Mayra Stambovsky Vieira,Dennis De Carvalho Ferreira

doi:10.1590/pboci.2020.054

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the factors associated with the occurrence of dental trauma in children up to six years of age and describe the results of clinical follow-up and possible sequelae. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out with data collected from the dental records of 96 pediatric patients up to 6 years old with traumatized primary teeth who sought care from the. Pediatric Dental Trauma project of a private university in the city of Rio de Janeiro from July 2014 to July 2017, and who had clinical and radiographic follow-up for up to three months as of their initial visit. Results: 96 children (58.3% boys and 41.7% girls) included who presented 166 traumatized primary teeth. Intrusion was the most observed type of trauma and in 45.8% of cases, the care occurred one-week post trauma. The maxillary central incisors were the most affected teeth (97.6%). The prognosis of the dental elements with more than 3 months of follow-up was considered favorable, and 59.6% of the teeth did not present any clinical or radiological sequelae. Oral hygiene instruction and monitoring were the most common approaches. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental trauma in the present study was high and occurred mainly in domestic settings. The upper central incisors were the teeth that suffered the most injuries. The presence of patients at follow-up visits was an important factor for the positive result in most cases.

Highlights

Dental injuries in the primary dentition are emergencies involving the teeth, alveolar bone and adjacent soft tissues associated with the aesthetic, functional and psychic alterations of the child [1]
The prognosis of dental trauma is largely associated with adequate management at the trauma site, requiring the knowledge of those responsible to differentiate between the type of trauma and the conduct of choice [5]
The sample number of patients attended during the "Dental Trauma" project was 96 children, 56 (58.3%) boys and 40 (41.7 %) girls

Summary

Introduction

Dental injuries in the primary dentition are emergencies involving the teeth, alveolar bone and adjacent soft tissues associated with the aesthetic, functional and psychic alterations of the child [1]. The classification of dental trauma in the primary dentition is divided into: dislocation lesions (concussions, subluxation, lateral luxation, intrusion, extrusion, avulsion); and alveolar bone fractures and bone-alveolar fractures. The prognosis of dental trauma is largely associated with adequate management at the trauma site, requiring the knowledge of those responsible to differentiate between the type of trauma and the conduct of choice [5]. Sequelae accompanied by signs and symptoms may arise soon after traumatic lesions in primary teeth and acute pulpal pathologies are one of the most frequent complications associated with almost all types of dental trauma [6]

Methods

Results

Conclusion