Abstract
This study examines the association between suicide and bullying among teenagers and adolescents in school besides exploring strategies to prevent acts of bullying. “Bullying” is a risk factor that is linked to suicidal ideation and attempts among school-age children and teenagers. Since youth suicide is an urgent and serious problem, we conducted a systematic review of 28 previous studies conducted in children and adolescents which examined the connection between bullying experiences and suicide. Data Collection: A literature search was carried out using 4 databases, without date description including: PubMed, PsychInfo, Medline and Google Scholar. The search terms contained: bullying, suicide and bullying, suicide in teens, school bullying, and peer victimization. An initial search generated about 97 articles; however, only 28 articles were appropriate for inclusion in the current review. Inclusion criteria was (1) Cross-sectional studies published from 1997-2013. (2) Study based on school bullying and suicidal risk in adolescents and teens 18 years or less (3) Studies had enough information to calculate effect sizes that did include a control group. (4) Studies based on gender discrimination. Papers that focused on specific populations, that did not include quantitative data, that did not use a control group of non-bullied subjects and studies based on cyber bullying, studies with longitudinal design were excluded.The risk of suicide attempts was higher in girls, who were involved in bullying, either as the victim or perpetrator, than in boys. Depression, feelings of hopelessness and loneliness can develop in the child after being bullied for long periods of time; these feelings are indirectly related to suicidal ideation and attempts. Involvement in bullying increases the likelihood of suicidal ideation and attempts in children and teenagers.
Highlights
This study examines the association between suicide and bullying among teenagers and adolescents in school besides exploring strategies to prevent acts of bullying
(2) Study based on school bullying and suicidal risk in adolescents and teens 18 years or less (3) Studies had enough information to calculate effect sizes that did include a control group
Papers that focused on specific populations, that did not include quantitative data, that did not use a control group of non-bullied subjects and studies based on cyber bullying, studies with longitudinal design were excluded
Summary
Suicide is the third leading cause of death for people aged 15-24 in the USA.[1]. Teen suicide is a tragic global public health problem affecting young people. 1 in 6 high school students has seriously considered suicide, and 1 in 12 has attempted it.[1] suicide rates among teens have been increasing for the last couple of years; from 6.3% in 2009, to 7.8% in 2011; and more youth suicides have been reported as a result of bullying.[2] evidence indicates a strong association between bullying and suicide, Suicidal behavior among victims of bullying as suggested by recent bullying-related suicide deaths.[1]. Data Associated with Bullying in School Some of the effect of bullying that have been observed are: (1) It is estimated that 160,000 children skip school every day because of fear of attack or intimidation by other students (2) Ninety percent of 4th through 8th graders report being victims of bullying. Eighty-seven percent of students said shootings are motivated by a desire to “get back at those who have hurt them”.2
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