Tratamiento temprano de alteraciones orofaciales con fisioterapia y placa palatina en niños con síndrome de Down

Abstract

Down syndrome (DS) or trisomy 21 is the most frequent autosomal congenital anomaly, with a worldwide prevalence of 10/10,000; in Chile, the prevalence is 2.5/1,000 live births. People with DS present an open mouth with increased salivation, an everted lower lip, elevated and inactive upper lip, and lowering of the angle of the mouth on account of growth and development disorders, and muscular hypotonia. Objective: To evaluate the literature on the early treatment of orofacial alterations in children with DS to prevent or minimize them. Method: Search in PubMed and Scielo databases, regardless of the year of publication or language; 26 articles were selected. Results: There are positive effects on the orofacial motor function, observing significant changes in the most severe cases. Conclusions: A child with DS can benefit from early treatment, but there are insufficient comparable studies in terms of duration, age and type of therapy.