Tratamiento multicomponente del tabaquismo en Atención Primaria: seguimiento transcurridos más de 5 años

Abstract

ObjectivesTo analyze the effectiveness of a multicomponent treatment for smoking cessation carried out in primary care and to evaluate the evolution of the consumption of tobacco that the people who participated had, more than 5 years after the end of the treatment. DesignLongitudinal study of 307 participants in a multicomponent program in group format of tobacco cessation. EmplacementSantander (Spain) Primary Care Health Center. ParticipantsSmokers from the basic health zone who wanted to quit smoking between 2006 and 2012 and requested help. InterventionsMulticomponent treatment of 5face-to-face sessions and follow-up for up to 12 months. Primary measurementsThe activity was evaluated in 263 participants more than 5years after the end of treatment. The results of continuous and punctual withdrawal were obtained by self-declaration and the data recorded in the medical record. The punctual was also validated with co-oximetry. ResultsAfter a year 42.7% of participants declared continuous abstinence. From 5 to 12 years later, the continuous declared abstinence further than 12 months was 40.7%. They did not smoke again since the end of the treatment 66 people; 68.0% of those who relapsed made new attempts and 45.5% of them requested help to quit smoking. ConclusionsThe proposed multi-component treatment is effective. Abstinence at 12 months predicts long-term maintenance and participating in disabling groups favors further attempts in case of relapse and the request for help to quit smoking.