Tratamiento de los factores de riesgo vascular y objetivos terapéuticos

Abstract

Global cardiovascular risk assessment is recommended for every individual patient. Among other risk factors and clinical conditions, management of diabetes, hypertension and smoking will be reviewed here. Goals in diabetes control should be individualized for every patient. Treatment includes diet modification, physical exercise and pharmacological treatment including insulins and oral antidiabetic drugs. When treating hypertension the main benefit depends on the reduction of blood pressure achieved. Both lifestyle modifications and drugs may contribute to reach blood pressure targets. Smoking cessation therapies have shown to reduce quit rates. They are based on behavioral support and pharmacological aids if necessary. First-line smoking cessation therapies help to control smoker physical addiction and are: nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), bupropion and varenicline.