Trastuzumab, pertuzumab and nab-paclitaxel plus pyrotinib or not in neoadjuvant treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer: A multi-center, randomized, open-label, phase II study.

Abstract

e12634 Background: Trastuzumab plus pertuzumab (TP) combined with chemotherapy is the standard neoadjuvant treatment regimen for HER2+ breast cancer. Anti-HER2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, pyrotinib, shows great efficacy in HER2+ metastatic breast cancer, but lacking efficacy data on the basis of TP and chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of TP plus nab-paclitaxel with or without pyrotinib as neoadjuvant treatment in HER2+ breast cancer. Methods: Stage II-III HER2+ breast cancer patients, stratified by disease stage (II vs. III) and hormone receptor (HR) status (positive vs. negative), were randomized 1:1 into the pyrotinib group or the control group. Both groups received a combination of 3-weekly TP and weekly nab-paclitaxel for 12 weeks. The pyrotinib group was concurrent given 320mg pyrotinib once daily. Primary endpoint was the total pathological complete remission (tpCR), defined as no invasive cancer in the breast and axillary lymph node. Results: From Nov 2020 to Apr 2023, a total of 109 patients were enrolled, with 108 receiving treatment: 55 in the pyrotinib group and 53 in the control group.The tpCR rate was 65.5% (95% CI: 51.4%, 77.8%) in the pyrotinib group, which shows no significant difference with the control group [60.4% (95% CI: 46.0%,73.5), P = 0.585). The breast pathological complete response (bpCR) rates were 70.9% (95% CI: 57.1%,82.4%) and 64.2%(95% CI: 49.8%,76.9%) in the pyrotinib and control group, respectively (P = 0.453). In the pyrotinib group, 52 (94.5%), 31 (56.4%), and 23 (41.8%) patients experienced dose-interruption, dose-reduction, and discontinuation of pyrotinib, respectively. The most common grade ≥3 adverse events in the pyrotinib and control groups were diarrhea (58.1% vs. 0%), decreased neutrophil count (23.6% vs. 15.1%), and decreased white blood cell count (16.4% vs. 7.5%). Conclusions: Our study showed pyrotinib didn’t significantly improve tpCR rate with pyrotinib on the basis of TP and nab-paclitaxel neoadjuvant therapy of HER2+ breast cancer. Concurrent pyrotinib treatment with TP was associated with a high rate of severe diarrhea. Further biomarker analyses are needed to identify which population would receive great benefit with neoadjuvant pyrotinib therapy in HER2+ breast cancer. Clinical trial information: NCT04398914 .