Abstract
An unwinnable war and a public opinion disaster, the Intifada cornered Israel in a lose-lose position. Arab states that had a modicum of diplomatic ties with Israel now severed them, and the call for an investigation of Israel’s disproportionate military response gained ground. The European Union endorsed in its Biarritz summit Israel’s Camp David peace offers as a basis for a settlement, but Britain’s Tony Blair could not find candidates for collective action in support of Israel’s position in the conflict. An international effort to pave the way to a return to peace negotiations, the Sharm El-Sheikh international summit of October 16 concluded with a ceasefire agreement and the creation of an international committee of investigation into responsibility for the war. Arafat signed, but had no interest in complying. He had still to further squeeze the political benefits of the Intifada.
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