Trapa japonica Flerov Extract Prevents Obesity by Regulating Adipogenesis and Lipolysis in Differentiated 3T3-L1 Cells

Soo-Jeung Park,Jeongmin Lee,Su Shin,Ki-Young Kim,Minhee Lee,Eun-Jin Hong,Min-Woo Choi

doi:10.3390/app12010290

Soo-Jeung Park, Jeongmin Lee + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/app12010290

Copy DOI

Abstract

Our study investigated that the anti-obesity effect of the Trapa japonica Flerov extract (TJ) in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. To this end, 3T3-L1 cells were treated with TJ during their differentiation period. On the last day of the cell culture, we tested intracellular cAMP, FA, glycerol release, TG, and performed Oil Red O staining and Western blot assays. On the part of adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and lipolysis mechanism, TJ increased the cAMP (maximum 125.4%) levels and glycerol release (maximum four times) and decreased FA (maximum 35.1%) and TG (maximum 35.7%) levels. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of each mechanism-related factor were regulated in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that TJ reduced lipid accumulation by max 53.6% and 47.9%, respectively, in adipogenesis and lipolysis mechanisms. We expect this effect of TJ to be due to its component, ellagic acid. In conclusion, we found that TJ inhibits TG synthesis during adipogenesis and lipogenesis, promotes lipolysis, and thus, indicating its potential as a functional food for obesity prevention.

Highlights

Obesity is a serious disease with an increasing prevalence of epidemics in the Western world, including the United States [1]
The accumulation of fat and the breakdown of fat is regulated by several hormones and various transcription factors [10,11]
There have been reports of previously known adipogenesis inhibitory effects of Trapa japonica Flerov extract (TJ) [15], we expected that the efficacy would be different depending on the country of origin and extraction process, and in order to open the possibility of future development as a health functional food, we evaluated the maximum effective dose within the range of non-toxicity

Summary

Introduction

Obesity is a serious disease with an increasing prevalence of epidemics in the Western world, including the United States [1]. Obesity-related diseases have been known through numerous reports so far, and the resulting complications have a significant negative impact on the quality of life of modern people [2,3,4]. Adipose tissue is an important regulator of whole-body metabolism and energy homeostasis [5]. Excessive action of carbohydrate absorption and insulin signaling in the body accelerates lipogenesis in adipocytes. Acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), which plays an important role in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle during lipogenesis, moves from the intracellular mitochondrial membrane to the cytoplasm. The accumulation of fat and the breakdown of fat is regulated by several hormones and various transcription factors [10,11]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion