Abstract
A comprehensive study on thermoelectric effects is performed for the transverse Pt strips attached to a longitudinal permalloy (Py) layer or sandwiched between two longitudinal Py layers. Thermal voltages jointly determined by planar Nernst effect (PNE), anomalous Nernst effect (ANE), and spin Seebeck effect (SSE) are detected across the Pt strip when a thermal gradient exists. By comparing the data of two differently structured samples, the respective contributions of the PNE, ANE, and SSE to thermal voltage are determined, and they have the ratio of 64:26:10, without considering the shunting effect of conductive Py, or 35:15:50, after the shunting-effect correction.
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