Abstract
The transverse compression and dynamics of an intense beam propagating through an alternating-gradient quadrupole lattice, plays an important role in many accelerator physics applications. Typically, the compression can be achieved by means of increasing the focusing strength of the lattice along the beam propagation direction. However, beam propagation through the lattice transition region inevitably leads to a certain level of beam mismatch and halo formation. In this work we present a detailed analysis of these phenomena using the envelope equations in the smooth-focusing approximation, which describe the average effects of an alternating-gradient lattice, and full particle-in-cell numerical simulations using the WARP code, taking into account the effects of the alternating-gradient quadrupole field. Simulations are presented for both space-charge--dominated beams, and beams with a moderate space-charge strength.
Highlights
Alternating-gradient accelerators and transport systems have a wide range of applications ranging from basic scientific research to industrial applications [1,2,3]
Lattice compression significantly facilitates the technical realization of the process, uncompensated, high-intensity charge bunch propagation through the lattice transition region inevitably leads to a certain level of beam mismatch and emittance growth
The results show that even nonadiabatic compression, which leads to significant beam mismatch by the end of the transition stage, does not result in large emittance growth (" < 6%)
Summary
Alternating-gradient accelerators and transport systems have a wide range of applications ranging from basic scientific research to industrial applications [1,2,3]. Lattice compression significantly facilitates the technical realization of the process, uncompensated, high-intensity charge bunch propagation through the lattice transition region inevitably leads to a certain level of beam mismatch and emittance growth. Trap Simulator Experiment (PTSX) [16] that simulates the nonlinear transverse dynamics of intense beam propagation over large distances through an alternating-gradient transport lattice. Since we study only transverse beam dynamics in the present analysis, it is convenient to perform the analysis in the axial rest frame of the charge bunch. In this frame axial ion velocity is equal to zero, 034202-1. It should be noted that the axial rest frame of the charge bunch, described above, is the laboratory frame for the experiments carried out on PTSX
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