Abstract

In patients with an indication for histological evaluation of diffuse liver disease a transvenous approach may be advisable if a percutaneous technique is contraindicated by severe coagulopathy or ascites. In general, the procedure may be performed as an aspiration core, or forceps biopsy technique using a transjugular approach. Alternatively, the forceps biopsy technique may be performed via a transfemoral access. Adequate specimens for histologic diagnosis may be obtained in 77-100% with either biopsy technique. Complications after transvenous liver biopsies occur in 0-20% with an overall mortality rate below 0.5%. Although the transvenous liver biopsy techniques take more time and are more expensive than percutaneous biopsy techniques, they represent a safe and effective alternative for obtaining adequate liver samples for histological diagnosis in special clinical settings.

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