Transvaginal Echographic Diagnosis of Chronic Cervicitis

Abstract

Objective: To study the echographic semiotics of cervicitis in women of reproductive age in a transvaginal way. Materials and methods: The study included 166 women aged 19-35 years with chronic cervicitis. The diagnosis was established on the basis of clinico-laboratory, colposcopic and cytological studies. In 71 (42.8%) cases, the age of women varied between 19-25, in 95 (57.2%) - 26-35 years. The diagnosis was established on the basis of clinico-laboratory, colposcopic and cytological studies. The comparative group (СG) consisted of 50 healthy women who had a childbirth and abortion in an anamnesis, with normal vaginal microbiocenosis and without pathological changes in the cervix. In 18 (36%) cases their age varied within the limits of 19-25, in 32 (64%) - 26- 35 years respectively. Results: The increased echogenicity of endocervix was not observed in 4-6 days of the cycle in healthy women and in 94 (56.6 ± 3.8%) cases of chronic cervicitis were observed. The heterogeneity of the endocervical echostructure in healthy women was recorded in 2 (4.0 ± 2.8%), and in cases of healthy women in 153 (92.2 ± 2.1%) cases, respectively (p <0.001). Hyperechoic inclusions in endocervix were observed in 112 cases (67.5 ± 3.6%) of chronic cervicitis, and in 4 (8.0 ± 3.8%) cases of healthy women (p <0.001). Cysts of endocervix in healthy women were noted in 67 (40.4 ± 3.8%) cases, and in healthy women - in 3 (6.0 ± 3.4%) cases, respectively (p <0.001). Among women with chronic cervicitis, small cystic cavities in the outer throat area were detected in 92 (55.4 ± 3.9%) cases, colposcopically in 71 (42.8 ± 3.8%) in cases (p <0, 05) Conclusions: In the early proliferative phase of the cycle, a combination of structural heterogeneity, increased echogenicity, the presence of an irregular shape of small cystic cavities and hyperechoic inclusions, moderate or increased vascularization are reliable signs of chronic endocervicitis. Chronic cervicitis in the majority of cases is accompanied with pseudo-erosion. Transvaginal echographically, pseudo-erosion is diagnosed better than erosion. In the diagnosis of erosion, transvaginal echography is inferior to colposcopy, but better reveals deepseated changes. Transvaginal echography can better characterize the changes within the endocervix, which is not available endoscopy