Abstract
ABSTRACTAs the American opioid epidemic continues to spiral out of control and our medical model remains unable to reverse the staggering trends, this article seeks to broaden clinician understanding of adolescents with substance use disorders by discussing adverse causative social–psychological dynamics: the marginalization of today’s youth, decline of institutions of community and faith, and the burden of childhood trauma. The article then offers a holistic, multilevel model of substance use disorder treatment that recognizes and remediates these adverse dynamics in order to improve treatment outcomes and enhance clinician resilience.
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