Abstract
Abstract Crude oil is considered the main source of energy worldwide. Important problems faced by oil transportation methods are spills and unintended releases. Therefore, most technological developments in the field of transportation methods are aimed at reducing emissions, improving efficiency or preventing spills and leaks. Pipeline systems are the safest, most efficient and economical way to transport crude oil. The transportation process suffers from serious problems, such as: asphaltene and paraffin interacting with the structure damages it, pressure drop in the pipes and high energy consumption during pumping. One of the most important economic tasks when transporting oil through a pipeline is to maintain fluidity and reduce the pressure drop along the pipe. This article highlights the latest and most effective development methods that were used to increase the fluidity of crude oil in pipelines, and also examines the possibilities of reducing energy costs for transporting heavy oils and hydraulic resistance of pipelines by creating intermediate solar station devices consisting of a parabolocylindrical concentrator with a tracking system and a solar panel with a converter that increase the safety and environmental friendliness of oil transportation by reducing the risk of accidents. The intermediate solar station uses a renewable energy source and is clean from an environmental point of view, since it does not produce harmful emissions. The use of solar energy as a green alternative to traditional energy carriers makes it possible to increase the productivity of the pipeline by up to 50 %, eliminate energy costs during oil transportation.
Highlights
In the context of climate change, the world is facing a growing need to become more environmentally sustainable by searching for alternative and renewable energy sources that go beyond conventional fossil fuels
In the field of solar energy, the most well-known technology is probably photovoltaic cells, but there are several other useful technologies in this field. One of these technologies, which has recently received more attention and which has recently been commercialized, is the concentration of solar thermal energy [1], [2]. This technology is traditionally used for the production of thermal energy; this article examines the possibility of using solar thermal energy to reduce the viscosity of oil during transportation through pipelines
The unit was designed for heat treatment of oils, having unusual rheological properties, in order to study the thermal effects of solar energy on viscosity, initial shear stress and pour point at different temperatures
Summary
In the context of climate change, the world is facing a growing need to become more environmentally sustainable by searching for alternative and renewable energy sources that go beyond conventional fossil fuels. In the field of solar energy, the most well-known technology is probably photovoltaic cells, but there are several other useful technologies in this field. One of these technologies, which has recently received more attention and which has recently been commercialized, is the concentration of solar thermal energy [1], [2]. This technology is traditionally used for the production of thermal energy; this article examines the possibility of using solar thermal energy to reduce the viscosity of oil during transportation through pipelines
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